Novel Approach to Forecasting Photospheric Emergence of Active Regions

Abstract One key aspect of understanding the solar dynamo mechanism and evolution magnetism is to properly describe emergence active regions. In this Letter, we Lagrangian photospheric flows dynamics during a simulated flux that produces an region formed by pores. We analyze lower flow organization prior, following rise region, uncovering repelling attracting structures act as sources sinks for magnetic element transport. Our results show around 10 hr before emergence, considerable global changes are taking place on mesogranular scales indicated increase number regions acting source multiple scattered emergences small-scale flux. At location region’s appearance, converging become weaker there arising diverging 8 time. study also indicates strong concentration field affects beyond area actual pores, leading complex strongly in neighboring findings suggest analysis powerful tool due emergence.